EU/US
Summit
Washington, 17 December 1999
Senior Level Group Report to the EU-US Summit
Washington, 17 December 1999
Since our last Summit in June, we have continued during
the Finnish Presidency to work closely together within the framework of
the New Transatlantic Agenda. There will be new opportunities for cooperation
between the European Union and the United States, particularly in the
light of developments in the EU, such as the strengthening of Common Foreign
and Security Policy structures, including the appointment of a High Representative
and the forming of European Security and Defence Policy, and EU enlargement.
Looking to the new Millennium, the EU and the US remain committed to
the promotion of democracy, sustainable growth and a high quality of life
across the globe. We will work to ensure that our efforts contribute to
these ends in the spirit of our Bonn Declaration.
We have consulted closely on further steps to implement
the principles and mechanisms for early warning and problem prevention
adopted at the EU-US Summit in Bonn in order to prevent conflicts and
facilitate resolution of problems before they risk undermining our broader
relationship. We remain committed to continued close consultations on
the various understandings and agreements reached at the 18 May 1998 London
Summit. The implementation of all aspects of these remains for both of
us a high priority. We have strengthened cooperation on non-proliferation
of weapons of mass destruction with a focus on specific proliferation
problems in South Asia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia, the Gulf, and
the Korean Peninsula. We have also maintained dialogue and cooperation
on a range of counterterrorism issues, including on threats to the Middle
East Peace Process and on the Taliban.
Major Achievements
The EU and US have worked, in close cooperation with
our partners, to develop a shared strategy for the stability and growth
of Southeastern Europe, a major challenge for the international community.
We continued our cooperation in Kosovo. We have launched the Stability
Pact for Southeastern Europe as an important framework for facilitating
reconciliation and regional cooperation, as well as the integration of
the countries of the region into European and transatlantic structures.
By implementing the Stability Pact, we are promoting peace, prosperity
and democracy throughout the region. Investment and trade play an important
part, as does the fight against corruption. We have agreed with our Stability
Pact partners and with countries outside the region to a series of measures
to which all the countries of the region will be invited to sign on. We
have also worked to promote democracy in Serbia. We are working
to give a response to Montenegro's urgent need for technical and financial
assistance to stabilise its economy.
The EU and US have maintained and will intensify close
contacts on matters related to security and defence. In so doing, we will
build on the substantial and constructive accomplishments registered at
the Helsinki European Council and the December NAC Ministerial, which
include putting in place arrangements to ensure the fullest possible involvement
of non-EU European NATO members. As the EU is developing its institutions
to implement its common security and defence policy, we agree on the importance
of developing modalities for full consultation, cooperation and transparency
between the EU and NATO.
Under the Transatlantic Economic Partnership, agreement
has been reached to open negotiations on an MRA on marine safety equipment
and on the first services MRAs on insurance, architecture and engineering
services. We successfully launched the first phase of the TEP biotechnology
pilot project. We have signed a Veterinary Equivalence Agreement.
In separate statements to be issued on the occasion of
the Summit, we underscore our deep concern about the situation in Chechnya;
we also emphasise our firm commitment to addressing the problems and needs
in Southeastern Europe; we identify areas where we can deepen cooperation
on Northern Europe; and we set out our common principles and an action
plan to address the global problem of the destabilising accumulation and
the spread of small arms and light weapons. We also signal our continued
commitment to the multilateral trading system and the WTO.
Future Priorities:
At the top of our diplomatic agenda will be cooperation
on Southeastern Europe, including implementation of the Stability Pact;
on Russia and other States in Eastern Europe and Central Asia; and in
support of the Middle East Peace Process. We will explore complementarity
between our policies in the Mediterranean Basin. We will continue together
to promote peace and stability, democracy and respect for human rights
throughout the World, in particular in Africa. We will work to put into
effect our joint statements on small arms and on Northern Europe. The
EU and the US will continue to work together to construct a strong and
enduring approach to European security. We will continue our enhanced
cooperation on non-proliferation, counterterrorism and the fight against organised crime. We will amplify informal consultations between our experts,
within the NTA framework, on Justice and Home Affairs, as the EU implements
its new competences in the area.
We will continue to work towards the launch of a new
WTO Round. We will make additional efforts to achieve further results
before the next summit on the implementation of the TEP Action Plan and,
in particular, we expect to be able to announce agreement on guidelines/principles
for effective regulatory cooperation and more transparent regulatory procedures
by mid-2000. Resolving our outstanding bilateral disputes remains a high
priority. We have decided to take new steps to address the full range
of issues of concern in biotechnology both through reinforced high-level
dialogue between administrations within the NTA framework and with input
from civil society. We will now proceed to establish the modalities of
this enhanced dialogue.
The following Appendix outlines in more detail our achievements
over the past six months and key priorities for the next six months.
Appendix
Current Achievements
Through the implementation of the early warning and problem
prevention principles and mechanisms, we have become more attuned to each
other's concerns, political or trade-related. Under the early warning
mechanism, the EU and the US have discussed such diverse issues as human
rights in Sudan, visa policy under the Schengen Agreement, Harbour Service
User Fees, the Electrical and Electronic Waste Directive, Low Frequency
Emissions, the Iran non-proliferation Bill, steel wire rods and market
access for satellites. The Transatlantic Business, Consumer, Environment
and Labour Dialogues have been encouraged to take up the invitation to
contribute to identifying early warning issues and to offer options for
their resolution. We welcome the steps the Transatlantic Business Dialogue
(TABD) has already taken to respond to this. The Legislative Dialogue
has an important role to play in the process.
We continued our cooperation in Kosovo to implement UN
Security Council Resolution 1244 in all its aspects, particularly regarding
interim civil administration, humanitarian affairs, institution building
and reconstruction. We worked with each other and the countries of the
region, particularly our Bosnian hosts, to stage a successful July Summit
in Sarajevo to launch the Stability Pact for Southeastern Europe. In the
few short months since Sarajevo, the US and the EU have worked closely
with their Stability Pact partners to register a considerable package
of achievements, including a regional Anti-Corruption Initiative, a regional
Investment Compact, efforts to fight organised crime through the Bucharest
Anti-Crime Centre, promotion of independent media in the region, and a
donor review process to identify regional priorities that would merit
funding. We cooperated closely on the donor coordination process chaired
by the European Commission and the World Bank, and agreed on holding a
regional funding conference under the auspices of the High Level Steering
Group in the first quarter of 2000. Recognising that a democratic Serbia
that respects human rights and enjoys friendly relations with its neighbours
is essential to the stability of the region, the EU and US have also
launched a trilateral dialogue with Yugoslav democratic forces to promote
democracy in Serbia and to plan for the eventual integration of a democratic
Serbia into the Stability Pact.
We increased our dialogue and cooperation on non-proliferation
issues with Russia, focusing our efforts on cooperative threat reduction
and other security activities, in light of the increased proliferation
risks from economic turmoil. In particular, we have worked cooperatively
to develop complementarity among different multilateral responses to the
situation, including those proposed by the EU and by the US-proposed
Expanded Threat Reduction Initiative. We have identified new areas for
future EU-US cooperation in and with Russia and intensified our efforts
on existing ones. Problems of the health (tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS) situation
in Russia were one of the priorities. We have consulted closely on the
issue of food aid and the need to address agricultural reform.
We have continued to encourage economic as well as political
reforms in Ukraine. In the run-up to the 31 October presidential election
and beyond, we continued our close political cooperation and made progress
on the implementation of the other initiatives set out in our June 1999
summit statement. These include, in particular, energy sector reform,
public health ($2 million each from the EU and the US to fund a HIV programme in Ukraine), the retention of an OSCE presence in Kiev, and
our ongoing public diplomacy efforts at developing civil society. An agreement
establishing the Kiev Regional Environmental Centre, a joint EU-US initiative,
has been signed. We have worked together to support power sector reforms
and additional funding for the Chernobyl sarcophagus in line with our
commitments under the G7/Ukraine Memorandum of Understanding on closing
Chernobyl by 2000. In Belarus, we have cooperated in urging the Government
to make progress on human rights and the restoration of democracy and
have supported fully the activities of the OSCE Advisory and Monitoring
Group and its efforts to initiate and advance government-opposition dialogue.
Our concerted efforts, including through our Special
Envoys for the Middle East Peace Process, contributed to the conclusion
of the Sharm el Sheikh Memorandum, notably with our parallel letter of
guarantees to the Palestinian Authority. We have worked for its timely
implementation, the resumption of the Syrian and Lebanese tracks, as well
as the early relaunch of the Multilateral track. In parallel, we have
contributed, as appropriate, to the successful conclusion of the negotiations
on permanent status within the agreed deadline.
Our Special Envoys have continued to cooperate on the
Cyprus problem. We have made parallel efforts to alleviate the human suffering
and help reconstruction of the worst affected areas in Turkey after the
earthquakes in August and November. We joined forces in the humanitarian
crises in Kosovo and East Timor. We supported the UN-organised consultation
on autonomy, allowing for the free expression of the East Timorese people
on their future. Deeply concerned by the violence that erupted, we took
part in the international effort to restore law and order (INTERFET) and
for the gradual resettlement of displaced persons. We both substantially
contributed to UNTAET.
We have consulted each other on the events in Pakistan,
and we expressed our concern with regard to the new military regime, calling
for an early return to democracy and stressing our shared concern for
regional stability. We have collaborated to enforce the UN sanctions regime
against UNITA in order to help restore peace in Angola.
We have continued our dialogue on important human rights
issues in countries, such as Burma, China, Cuba, Iran and Sudan. We have
frankly disagreed on several issues including the use of the death penalty,
the best approach to dealing with countries where slavery is practised
and some issues related to the treatment of religious minorities. We have
worked closely together in the UN on Libya.
We have consulted on non-proliferation and other issues
related to the Korean peninsula. We have each reviewed and updated our
existing policies for promoting peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula
to take account of developments. We have each shown our commitment to
working with our regional partners on these issues, including by support
for the engagement policy of the Republic of Korea. We both have actively
supported Korean Energy Development Organisation (KEDO) in implementation
of the light-water reactor project and in provision of heavy fuel oil
to the DPRK pending completion of the first of the two reactors. We welcomed
the commitment by DPRK to freeze test-launches of missiles, while US-DPRK
talks continue, as a positive initial step towards meeting international
concerns in this field. We have also provided significant food aid and
other assistance to the DPRK. The US is embarked on a process aimed
at improving relations with the DPRK. The EU has continued to pursue its
political dialogue with the DPRK.
We enhanced our efforts to promote adherence to international
non-proliferation instruments, notably in the EU's bilateral dialogue
with Iran, as well as in our contacts with India and Pakistan. We
also continued raising the issue of transfers to countries of concern
with Russia. On counterterrorism, we have continued to maintain our extensive
cooperation. We have underlined that suppression of financing of terrorism
is one of the key areas where reinforced cooperation is needed. We have
also worked together extensively on the development of the International
Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Fundraising. We have given
mutual support to Security Council Resolution 1267 and its implementation
and urged the Taliban to comply promptly with it. We have expressed our
concern over the possible terrorist acts, which could hinder the Middle
East Peace Process and called for an end to such acts or any support for
them. We have agreed to cooperate, as appropriate, concerning counterterrorism
assistance to the Palestinian Authority.
The OSCE Review Conference, preparatory meeting and the
Istanbul Summit were significant areas for EU-US coordination and cooperation.
We shared and worked towards common goals regarding the OSCE comprehensive
concept of security and the need for better tools such as civilian reaction
teams (REACT), which will enable the OSCE to take rapid measures to address
issues of conflict prevention, conflict management and post-conflict rehabilitation.
Two joint proposals on corruption and the economic dimension of the OSCE
were incorporated into the Summit Declaration. We have continued to support
the valuable work done by UN and the numerous UN agencies. We have consulted
each other on the reform and financing of the UN.
We continued our important dialogue on the fight against
organised crime. We held a conference focusing on Combating Child Pornography
on the Internet in Vienna, 29 September - 1 October, to reinforce cooperation
between law enforcement and judiciary, to encourage Internet service providers
to establish self-regulatory mechanisms; and to encourage the establishment
of hotlines to enhance public involvement in countering child pornography
on the Internet. We launched parallel information campaigns in Hungary
and Bulgaria to help prevent women falling victim to traffickers. The
EU has informed the US of the Action Plans for third countries of the
EU High Level Working Group on Asylum and Migration. We have also discussed
new ways of cooperating in the area of Justice and Home affairs to the
benefit of citizens on both sides of the Atlantic. We have collaborated
in different counter-narcotics initiatives; e.g. we undertook a joint
EU-US counter-narcotics assessment mission to Nigeria.
The charter for the new Regional Environmental Centre
(REC) for the Caucasus region was signed in September.
We have made further progress in our trade and economic
relations. Our competition authorities have agreed to establish a working
group to review cooperation procedures in the field of global mergers.
The EC has signed the UN/ECE WP 29 Parallel Agreement on global regulations
for wheeled vehicles equipment and parts. We concluded a Statement
of Cooperation, the purpose of which is to establish a framework for the
exchange of supervisory information regarding banks and banking organisations
that have establishments in both the EU and the US Implementation is
now proceeding at the technical level, involving our banking supervisory
authorities. On data privacy, we have made substantial progress towards
establishing a "safe harbour" arrangement that will ensure high
standards of privacy and maintain personal data flows across the Atlantic.
The EU-US Working Group on Employment conducted two
seminars; the first focussed on the social dimension of Economic Integration
and the second on Entrepreneurship.
We have continued to pursue actively our cooperation
in a number of areas under the 1998 Science and Technology Agreement:
follow-up to the New Vistas II Conference in June 1999 in Stuttgart; implementing
arrangement on metrology research signed on 5 October 1999; implementing
arrangement on materials research finalised and expected to be signed
before the end of the year; and preparation of an implementing arrangement
on non-nuclear energy research.
We have agreed on principles for government relations
with people-to-people dialogues under the New Transatlantic Agenda. These
key principles - transparency, access, equivalence, interaction, government
support - will ensure a fair and equal approach to the handling of the
dialogues. We participated actively in the annual meeting of the Transatlantic
Business Dialogue in Berlin on 29-30 October and in the second meeting
of the Transatlantic Environmental Dialogue in Washington on 13-15 October.
We reaffirmed our commitment to give careful consideration to the recommendations
of the transatlantic dialogues and stressed the value, which their contributions
could make to our early warning effort.
Other Future Priorities
The EU and US will continue to develop the Early Warning
principles and mechanisms announced at the 21 June Bonn Summit, so that
they may constitute an effective means for preventing and resolving problems
which threaten to damage relations between the EU and the US In order
better to facilitate the process of early warning of potential bilateral
trade problems, we will develop improved means for communicating within
our respective governments. Both sides are now working to ensure follow-up
on the early warning consultations already held, in terms of designating
contact points at a technical level to carry the process further and on
reporting back within a given time frame and elaborating options for solution.
We will implement the key priorities identified in our
Summit Statement on Southeastern Europe. In addition, we will work with
the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to accelerate progress on important
economic structural reforms and to reinforce the improvements on inter-ethnic
relations. We will continue to cooperate on developing the border crossing
point of Blace to improve the flow of critical supplies into Kosovo. To
continue promoting political and economic stability in Albania, we will
work to strengthen the Friends of Albania process both internationally
and in Tirana.
We will provide assistance to and coordinate with the
OSCE in providing, at Russia's invitation, international monitors for
the upcoming State Duma and presidential elections. We will build on our
cooperation on non-proliferation activities and seek to strengthen our
efforts in this field, including resources to address high priority concerns.
We will continue to exchange information with regard to assessing the
need for food aid, taking into account the possible political implications
and the potential impact of such aid on agro-industry in Russia and the
neighbouring countries, and on the need to address agricultural reform.
Special attention will be paid to the prevention and tackling of organised
crime in Russia. We are assessing possible cooperation on public health
and, in particular, on communicable diseases.
In Ukraine, we will cooperate closely with the President
and the Ukrainian government to strengthen political, economic and democratic
reform. Bilaterally, we will work to make further progress on our joint
initiatives. In the first half of 2000, we will devote particular attention
to the implementation of the G7/Ukraine Memorandum of Understanding on
the closing of Chernobyl by 2000. We will work together to conclude the
decision-making process on loan financing for K2/R4, to support energy
sector reform and to make serious progress on the Chernobyl sarcophagus.
In Belarus, we will continue to work to support the OSCE-sponsored opposition-government
dialogue on establishing a framework for free and fair parliamentary elections
in 2000, respect for human rights and the restoration of democracy.
Promoting peace, stability and development in the Mediterranean
region is a key priority for the transatlantic dialogue. We will work
closely together during proximity talks under the auspices of the Secretary
General of the United Nations and will continue to support all efforts
to prepare the ground for meaningful negotiations leading to a comprehensive
settlement on Cyprus on the basis of the relevant UN Security Council
Resolutions. We will keep in close consultation regarding the key role
Turkey could play in the whole area. While the EU is promoting, during
the next months, a series of initiatives on its relations with the southern
Mediterranean, the EU and US will continue close consultations, including
through our Special Envoys, on the Middle East Peace Process, focusing
on encouraging final status negotiations and on supporting both parties
throughout the negotiations, as appropriate. We will continue to support
and to consult on the Syrian and Lebanese Tracks. We restate our joint
commitment to build a consensus among concerned parties in order to convene
as soon as possible a meeting of the Multilateral Track Steering Group.
We will further bring substantial economic and technical assistance to
the Palestinian Authority, and expect progress in the implementation of
the revised Tripartite Action Plan.
To promote peace and stability, democracy and development
in the world, we will continue to seek ways to develop our cooperation,
inter alia exploring the possibilities for working together to alleviate
the problems stemming from civil wars in Africa and other continents.
Our Special Envoys in Africa will continue to work closely together. We
are committed to assisting further the reconstruction of East Timor and
to supporting a peaceful transition towards independence, the development
of the rule of law and democratic society. We will support the Indonesian
Government in its democratisation process. The EU and the US will also
closely monitor developments in Pakistan.
With regard to the destabilising accumulation of small
arms beyond those required for legitimate security needs, we will continue
to promote preventive and reactive measures, e.g. supporting the destruction
of surplus weapons and post-conflict projects to disarm, demobilise and
reintegrate ex-combatants. Within the framework of the statement adopted
today, we will pursue further opportunities for cooperation. The EU and
US are ready to provide the Economic Community of West African States
(ECOWAS) Secretariat with expert assistance for the effective implementation
of the ECOWAS moratorium on export, import and manufacture of light weapons.
We will continue to consult closely with each other,
the UN, relevant regional organisations and other countries, as we seek
to promote human rights, including through our respective dialogues with
countries of concern.
We will continue consultations on the reform of the UN
and on seeking a solution to the problem of UN finances, including full
and timely payment of obligations and development of a more equitable
assessment scale.
We will continue to advocate adherence to international
non-proliferation instruments and their effective implementation. Despite
delays that will affect the entry into force of the Comprehensive Test
Ban Treaty (CTBT), we will each pursue further our efforts to convince
India and Pakistan to sign and ratify the CTBT, as part of a wider effort
to maintain regional peace and stability. The EU will continue to raise
non-proliferation issues with Iran, in the framework of its comprehensive
dialogue. Building on our respective efforts, we will continue to promote
peace and stability in the Korean Peninsula, and encourage further dialogue
with concerned states in the region. We will keep on pressing DPRK to
commit itself to concrete and lasting results in the field of non-proliferation,
both on the peninsula as well as globally. We reaffirm our shared commitment
to KEDO and look forward to further progress in implementing the light-water
reactor project.
The EU and the US will seek to strengthen their cooperation
and look for new opportunities to enhance transatlantic counterterrorism
efforts. We will expand our cooperation in effectively suppressing financing
of terrorism. We will continue to express our deep concern over possible
terrorist acts aimed at hindering the Middle East Peace Process, and raise
our concerns with those who support these acts. We will look into enhancing
our cooperation on the issue of counterterrorism assistance to the Palestinian
Authority. We will also continue to work together to achieve full, effective
and speedy implementation of Security Council Resolution 1267.
The EU and the US have been discussing the Information
Society. We note from our experience that countries need to develop efficient
communication and information infrastructure based on a market economy
and a functioning democracy to realise fully the benefits of the Information
Society. The EU and US will work together towards a global information
society that contributes to democracy, sustainable growth and quality of
life. Given the importance of this subject, the EU will hold a Conference
at ministerial level in Lisbon on "The Information Society and Knowledge",
to which representatives of the civil society, policymakers and
enterprises interested and active in this field will be invited, including
experts from the US
We anticipate increasing EU-US cooperation in justice
and home affairs, including in the fight against organised crime, such
as money laundering, corruption, illegal drugs, child pornography on the
Internet and trafficking in women and children, together with the necessary
cooperation between law-enforcement bodies, including EUROPOL. We will
identify new countries for joint cooperation on information campaigns
on trafficking in women in 2000. We will continue or extend our cooperation
to combat illegal drugs in the Caribbean, the Andean Region of South America,
Southern Africa and Central Asia. Building on the August mission to Nigeria,
we will cooperate on counter-narcotics assistance to this key African
country and assess whether this approach could be extended to other countries.
We will work together in developing the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
in accordance with the Sydney CommuniquZ.
Building on the useful work undertaken at the fifth Conference
of the Parties in Bonn in November, we shall continue to work closely
on substantive progress towards implementation of the Kyoto Protocol on
climate change ahead of the sixth Conference of the Parties meeting in
November 2000. We will pay particular attention to Kyoto mechanisms, compliance
and to Convention issues of importance to developing countries, including
technology transfer.
We will consult closely in the run-up to the January
2000 extraordinary meeting in Montreal, with a view to achieving an effective
Biosafety Protocol.
We will continue to seek to implement the recommendations
of our May 1999 High Level Assistance consultations, especially in the
areas of humanitarian assistance with focus on Kosovo. We will also concentrate
on food security, drugs, health, including reproductive health and infectious
diseases, climate change, conflict prevention and peace-building. We will
work towards a positive outcome of the next High Level meeting, which
is scheduled to take place in the first half of 2000.
Both sides will work towards a positive outcome to the
Intergovernmental Forum on Forests and at the VIII Session of the Commission
on Sustainable Development. The development of agreed new noise standards
for aircraft is a high priority for both of us. ICAO remains our preferred
forum for achieving this. We will work to ensure that the RECs in Moscow
and Kiev are opened soon and seek to agree on new RECs in Central Asia.
We aim to finalise the future work plan of the EU-US Task Force on Communicable
Diseases at its next meeting in mid-2000.
We expect to conclude our discussions on data protection
before the end of March, so that a package can be submitted for approval
under the appropriate procedures shortly thereafter. We will hold the
first meeting of the Joint Management Committee on the implementation
of the Veterinary Equivalence Agreement in the first half of 2000. This
meeting will address outstanding issues, including equivalency talks on
residues. We will work to reach an agreement on interoperability between
Galileo and GPS. We will pursue our negotiations on an agreement on wine.
We will step up our collaboration in all areas of mutual
interest, building inter alia on the conclusions of the New Vistas in
Transatlantic Science and Technology Cooperation Conferences of June 1998
and June 1999. In this context, the US will be invited by the EU to
participate in a meeting in the Azores in the first half of 2000.
The EU and US will continue to support the development
of dialogue between civil society on both sides, in particular on social,
environment and consumer issues, given that their involvement is increasingly
important in the formulation of policy decisions. We look forward to participating
in the next meeting of the Transatlantic Consumer Dialogue in February,
the next Transatlantic Environment Dialogue plenary in the spring and
the mid-year meeting of the Transatlantic Business Dialogue. We will begin
to prepare for the negotiation of the extension of the cooperation agreement
on higher education and vocational training. We will support the further
development of the Transatlantic Legislators Dialogue between Members
of the European Parliament and Members of the US Congress.