More Facts and Figures on the European Union and the United States

Facts and Figures

More Facts and Figures on the European Union and the United States

THE EUROPEAN UNION AND WORLD TRADE

EU Statistical Office - EUROSTAT: Indicators; Homepage

STATISTICS

		EU25	EU15	Euro-Zone	US	Japan
Area ¹		3,893 ¹	3,154 ¹	2,456 ¹	9,631 ⁵	378 ³
(2003 thousands, km sq)
Population ¹ (2003 millions)		454.56 ¹	380.36 ¹	306.70 ¹	293.03 ⁵	127.62 ³
Density ¹		116.8	120.6	124.9	30.4 ⁵	337.6 ³
(2003 km sq)
Unemployment Rate ¹
(2003 standardized)	2002	8.9% ¹	7.7% ¹	8.4% ¹	5.8% ⁴	5.4%
	2003	9.1% ¹	8.1% ¹	8.9% ¹	6.0% ⁴	5.3%
GDP ¹		11,017 ¹	10,522 ¹	8,209 ¹	11,000 ⁶	4,301 ⁸
(2003, current prices, USD billions)
GDP increase, 2002-03 ¹		0.9% ¹	0.8% ¹	0.5% ¹	3.1% ⁶	2.7% ⁸
GDP per Capita ¹		24,027 ¹	27,511 ¹	26,595 ¹	37,756 ²	33,720 ²
(2003, in PPS/inhabitant)
Inflation Rate ¹		2.0% ²	2.0% ²	2.1% ²	1.6% ⁴	-0.2% ²
(Annual 2003)
Total Imports ¹		1,047 ^1*	1,570 ²	2,848 ²	1,517 ⁷	477 ²
(2003 USD billions)
Total Exports ¹		1,250 ^1*	1,633 ²	3,025 ²	1,021 ⁷	597 ²
(2003 USD billions)
World Import Share ¹		14.0% ²	22.4% ²	40.6% ²	22.9% ²	6.8% ²
World Export Share ¹		13.1% ²	23.3% ²	43.1% ²	13.8% ²	8.5% ²

EU-25: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. The 10 additional countries joined the European Union on May 1^st 2004.

EU-15: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom.

Euro-Zone: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain.

Sources:

EUROSTAT (European Union Statistical Office). Free Data.<http://europa.eu.int/comm/eurostat/newcronos/reference/display.do?screen=welcomeref&open=/&product=EU_MAIN_TREE&depth=1&language=en>.
IMF (International Monetary Fund). <http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2004/01/data/dbginim.cfm>.
European Commission. Trade Directorate General. European Union and Its Main Trading Partners: Economic and Trade Indicators. <http://europa.eu.int/comm/trade/issues/bilateral/dataxls.htm>.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics:
Current Population Survey: General Overview. <http://www.bls.gov/cps/home.htm#overview>;
Consumer Price Index, 1913-2004. <ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/cpi/cpiai.txt>.
US Bureau of the Census:
Countries Ranked by Population, 2004. <http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ipc/idbrank.pl>;
“Population,” Statistical Abstract of the United States, 2003. <http://www.census.gov/prod/2004pubs/03statab/pop.pdf>;
US International Trade in Goods and Services, Seasonally Adjusted, 2002-2004. <http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/2004pr/04/exh1.pdf>;
Exports, Imports, and Balance of Goods By Selected Countries and Areas--2003, NOT Seasonally Adjusted. <http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/2004pr/04/exh14a.pdf>.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). Percent Change From Preceding Period in Real Gross Domestic Product, 2002-2004. <http://www.bea.gov/bea/dn/dpga.txt>.
US Government Export Portal. Export.gov; TradeStats Express™ - National Trade Data. Global Patterns of US Merchandise Trade. <http://tse.export.gov/NTDMap.aspx?UniqueURL=xv45almas55awd55os4obnnp-2005-4-14-16-19-56>.
OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development):
Economic Projections. <http://www.oecd.org/topicstatsportal/0,2647,en_2825_32066506_1_1_1_1_1,00.html>.
Gross Domestic Product, 1995 – 2003. <http://www.oecd.org/statsportal/0,2639,en_2825_293564_1_1_1_1_1,00.html>.

*Note: Figures received in euros from the Trade Directorate General and EUROSTAT were converted into dollars with the average exchange rate (euro-dollar) for the year 2003, or 1 euro = 1.117883 USD. Source: European Commission. Budget Directorate General. Infor Euro <http://europa.eu.int/comm/budget/inforeuro/index.cfm?Language=en>.

BILATERAL TRADE (US, EU25, EU15, JAPAN)

1.	US – EU25 TRADE (2003)¹
			% change 2002-03	USD millions
	US Imports from the EU25 ¹		8.8%	253,029.5
	US Exports to the EU25 ¹		5.1%	154,104.4

	US Imports Share of EU25 Total ¹			20.1%
	US Exports Share of EU25 Total ¹			21.3%

	Top 5 US Imports to the EU25 (2003) ¹
		Nuclear Reactors, Boilers, Machinery		38,215.6
		Vehicles, (except railway or tramway)		38,172.6
		Organic Chemicals		23,581.5
		Pharmaceutical Products		20,599.9
		Electric Machinery, Sound Equip, TV Equip		16,455.6

	Top 5 US Exports to the EU25 (2003) ¹
		Nuclear Reactors, Boilers, Machinery		32,609.7
		Electric Machinery, Sound Equip, TV Equip		15,740.1
		Optic, Photo, Surgical Instruments		23,581.5
		Aircraft, Spacecraft		13,124.7
		Vehicles (except railway and tramway)		9,617.8

2.	US - EU15 TRADE (2003)¹
			% change 2002-03	USD millions
	US Imports from the EU15 ¹		8.3%	244,811.4
	US Exports to the EU15 ¹		4.7%	150,549.3

	US Imports Share of EU15 Total ¹			19.4%
	US Exports Share of EU15 Total ¹			20.8%

	Top 5 US Imports to the EU15 (2003) ¹
		Nuclear Reactors, Boilers, Machinery		36,823.5
		Organic Chemicals		22,661.1
		Pharmaceutical Products		20,549.6
		Electric Machinery, Sound Equip, TV Equip		15,353.1
		Optic, Photo, Medical or Surgical Instruments		14,529.7

	Top 5 US Exports to the EU15 (2003) ¹
		Nuclear Reactors, Boilers, Machinery		31,941.0
		Electric Machinery, Sound Equip, TV Equip		16,161.7
		Optic, Photo, Medical or Surgical Instruments		15,474.6
		Aircraft, Spacecraft		12,481.5
		Vehicles (except railway and tramway)		9,410.9

3.	US - JAPAN TRADE (2003)¹
			% change 2002-03	USD millions
	US Imports to Japan ¹		-2.9%	118,029.0
	US Exports to Japan ¹		1.2%	52,063.8
	Japanese Imports Share of US (Total) ¹			9.4%
	Japanese Exports Share of US (Total) ¹			7.2%

	Top 5 US Imports to Japan (2003) ¹
		Vehicles (except railway and tramway)		43,035.1
		Nuclear Reactors, Boilers, Machinery		25,160.3
		Electric Machinery, Sound Equip, TV Equip		19,323.7
		Optic, Photo, Medical or Surgical Instruments		5,935.4
		Organic Chemicals		2,613.1

	Top 5 US Exports to Japan (2003) ¹
		Nuclear Reactors, Boilers, Machinery		7,100.5
		Electric Machinery, Sound Equip, TV Equip		5,962.5
		Optic, Photo, Medical or Surgical Instruments		5,454.6
		Aircraft, Spacecraft		4,845.5
		Cereals		2,384.6

4.	EU25 - JAPAN TRADE (2003)²
			% change 2002-03	USD millions
	EU25 Imports from Japan ^2*		-1.9%	80,404.6
	EU25 Exports to Japan ^2*		-5.9%	45,669.8

	Japanese Imports Share of EU25 (Total)^2*			8.2%
	Japanese Exports Share of EU25 (Total)^2*			4.8%

	Top 5 EU25 Imports to Japan ( USD millions)^2*
		Machinery and transport equipment		59,478.1
		Miscell. Manuf. Articles		8,138.2
		Chemicals and related prod., n.e.s.		6,071.2
		Manuf. Goods classif. Chiefly by material		4,459.2
		Commodit. And transactions n.e.c.		937.9

	Top 5 EU25 Exports to Japan (USD millions)^2*
		Machinery and transport equipment		16,575.9
		Miscell. Manuf. Articles		8,862.5
		Chemicals and related prod., n.e.s.		8,715.0
		Manuf. goods classif. Chiefly by material		4,164.1
		Food and live animals		2,898.7

Sources:

US Government Export Portal. Export.gov; TradeStats Express™ - National Trade Data. Global Patterns of US Merchandise Trade. <http://tse.export.gov/NTDMap.aspx?UniqueURL=xv45almas55awd55os4obnnp-2005-4-14-16-30-16>.
European Commission. Trade Directorate General. European Union and Its Main Trading Partners: Economic and Trade Indicators. <http://europa.eu.int/comm/trade/issues/bilateral/dataxls.htm>.

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT

1. Foreign Direct Investment in the US¹		USD millions	% of US total
(2003 historical cost basis)
US total		1,378,001
EU-15		855,669	62.1
of which	U.K.	230,374	16.7
	Netherlands	146,117	10.6
	Germany	148,774	10.8
	France	143,341	10.4
Canada		105,255	7.6
Japan		159,258	11.6
Switzerland		112,856	8.2
2. US Foreign Direct Investment Abroad ²		USD millions	% of US total
(2003 historical cost basis)
US total		1,788,911
EU-15		844,698	47.2
of which	U.K.	272,640	15.2
	Netherlands	178,933	10
	Germany	80,163	4.5
	France	47,914	2.7
Canada		192,409	10.8
Japan		73,435	4.1
Switzerland		86,435	4.8

MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS

1. Foreign Acquisitions of US Companies in the US ³
Number of cross-border deals: 1,035. Value: 62,182.4 USD millions.
Top acquirers: Ranking Value Inc. Net Debt of Target (USD millions)
	Canada	20,093.7	276 deals
	Australia	10,315.2	36 deals
	US	9,862.2	292 deals
	Germany	4,454.2	34 deals
	Israel	3,821.9	12 deals
	United Kingdom	3,311.5	119 deals
	Switzerland	3,139.5	15 deals
	Japan	258.9	26 deals
2. Foreign Acquisitions in EU25 ³
Number of cross-border deals: 1,045. Value: 100,469.9 USD millions.
Top non-EU25 acquirers: Ranking Value Inc. Net Debt of Target (USD millions)
	US	68,251.6	573 deals
	Canada	17,035.4	65 deals
	Switzerland	3,056.3	95 deals
	Australia	3,055.6	34 deals
	Norway	1,644.8	44 deals
	Russian Fed.	1,116.2	23 deals
	Israel	1,092.8	16 deals
	Singapore	948.5	15 deals
	Japan	514.4	15 deals
3. Foreign Acquisitions in EU15 ³
Number of cross-border deals: 980. Value: 98,621.0 USD millions.
Top non-EU15 acquirers: Ranking Value Inc. Net Debt of Target (USD millions)
	US	67,545.4	545 deals
	Canada	17,032.8	62 deals
	Australia	3,055.6	34 deals
	Switzerland	3,005.3	84 deals
	Norway	1,623.1	37 deals
	Israel	1,076.3	15 deals
	Singapore	948.5	15 deals
	Japan	514.4	15 deals

Sources:

US BEA. Foreign Direct Investment in the US: Balance of Payments and Direct Investment Position. <http://www.bea.gov/bea/di/di1fdibal.htm>.
US BEA. US Direct Investment Abroad: Balance of Payments and Direct Investment Position Data. <http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/di/di1usdbal.htm>.
Thomson Financial Securities Data (TFSD). League Tables. <http://www.thomson.com/financial/investbank/fi_investbank_league_table.jsp>. Retrieved on Wednesday, July 28, 2004.

REGIONAL TRADING AREAS

	EU25	EU15	EFTA	NAFTA	MERCOSUR	APEC (21)	ASEAN (10)
Area	3,893 ³	3,154 ³	448 ¹	21,726 ¹	11,863 ¹	62,695 ¹	4,480 ¹
(thousands km. sq.)
Population	455 ³	380 ³	12 ¹	425 ¹	221 ¹	2,593 ¹	547 ¹
(millions)
GDP	11.0 ³*	10.5 ³*	0.52 ¹*	12.4 ¹*	0.64 ¹*	20.8 ¹*	0.67 ¹*
(USD trillions, at current prices and exchange rate)
Total Imports ¹	1,046.7*	1,673.8*	155.5*	1,683.9*	72.1*	3,386.0*	397.7*
(USD billions)
Total Exports ¹	980.6*	1,740.9*	163.8*	1,105.7*	106.9*	3,056.6*	460.4*
(USD billions)
EU 25 Imports ¹	-	-	125.4*	200.6*	28.9*	631.2*	73.2*
(USD billions)
EU25 Exports ¹	-	-	112.9*	292.8*	17.4*	547.2*	43.9*
(USD billions)
Imports share of EU25 Total ¹	-	-	12.0%	20.6%	3.0%	64.7%	7.5%
Exports Share of EU25 total ¹	-	-	11.5%	31.0%	1.8%	58.0%	4.7%
US Imports ²	253.0	244.8	16.4	362.2	21.4	814.0	81.9
(USD billions)
US Exports ²	154.1	150.6	10.4	266.9	14.5	469.6	45.3
(USD billions)

EFTA:                     Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland.
NAFTA:                   Canada, Mexico, USA.
MERCOSUR:          Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay.
APEC:                    Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea,
                              Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Russia, Singapore,
                              Taiwan, Thailand, USA, Vietnam.
ASEAN:                  Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand,
                              Vietnam.

Sources:

European Commission. Trade Directorate General. European Union and Its Main Trading Partners: Economic and Trade Indicators. <http://europa.eu.int/comm/trade/issues/bilateral/dataxls.htm>.
US Government Export Portal. Export.gov; TradeStats Express™ - National Trade Data. Global Patterns of US Merchandise Trade. <http://tse.export.gov/>.
EUROSTAT (European Union Statistical Office). Free Data. <http://europa.eu.int/comm/eurostat/newcronos/reference/display.do?screen=welcomeref&open=/&product=EU_MAIN_TREE&depth=1&language=en>.

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT

REGIONAL TRADING AREAS

Sources used:

US BEA (US Bureau of Economic Analysis). US Economic Accounts. (http://www.bea.gov/):
Foreign Direct Investment in the US: Balance of Payments and Direct Investment Position. (http://www.bea.gov/bea/di/di1fdibal.htm).

European Commission. Trade Directorate General. European Union and Its Main Trading Partners: Economic and Trade Indicators. (http://europa.eu.int/comm/trade/bilateral/data.htm).

EUROSTAT (European Union Statistical Office). (http://epp.eurostat.cec.eu.int/portal/page?_pageid=1090,1137397&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL).

European Commission. Budget Directorate General. Infor Euro. (http://europa.eu.int/comm/budget/inforeuro/index.cfm?Language=en).

IMF (International Monetary Fund). (http://www.imf.org):
World Economic Outlook Database. (http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2004/01/data/dbginim.cfm).

Thomson Financial Securities Data (TFSD). (http://www.tfsd.com/products/financial/):
Thomson Corporation. (http://www.thomson.com/);
ThomsonOne Portfolio. (http://thomson.com/financial/financial.jsp);
Mergers & Acquisitions Report. (http://www.mareport.com/mar/news_updates.cfm).

US Bureau of the Census (http://www.census.gov/):
Statistical Abstract of the United States, 2003. (http://www.census.gov/prod/www/statistical-abstract-03.html);
FT900: US International Trade in Goods and Services - Current, Prior and Compressed. (http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/current_press_release/press.html);
US Trade (Imports, Exports and Balance) by Country. (http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/index.html);
Exports, Imports and Trade Balance by Country and Area: 2003, NOT Seasonally Adjusted. (http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/Press-Release/2003pr/final_revisions/exh13tl.pdf).

US Bureau of Labor Statistics. (http://www.bls.gov/).

US Government Export Portal. Export.gov. (http://www.export.gov):
TradeStats Express™ - National Trade Data. Global Patterns of US Merchandise Trade. (http://ese.export.gov/SCRIPTS/hsrun.exe/Distributed/ITA2003_NATIONAL/MapXtreme.htx;start=HS_newMap).

Other Sources Consulted:

APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation). (http://www.apecsec.org.sg/apec.html).

US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). World Factbook. (http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/xx.html).

US Economics and Statistics Administration. Economic Indicators.gov. (http://www.economicindicators.gov/).

European-American Business Council. (http://www.eabc.org/).

EUROSTAT (European Union Statistical Office). Free Data. (http://europa.eu.int/comm/eurostat/newcronos/reference/display.do?screen=welcomeref&open=/&product=EU_MAIN_TREE&depth=1&language=en).

European Commission. Trade Directorate General:
European Union and Its Main Trading Partners: Economic and Trade Indicators. (http://europa.eu.int/comm/trade/bilateral/data.htm);
“Statistical Tradeflow Database.” Market Access Database. (http://mkaccdb.eu.int/cgi-bin/stb/stat/comext.pl?action=search).

European Commission. Economic and Financial Affairs Directorate General. Statistical Annex to European Economy, Spring 2004. (http://europa.eu.int/comm/economy_finance/publications/statistical_en.htm).

Internet World Stats. Internet Usage in Europe. (http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats4.htm).

OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). (http://www.oecd.org/home/):
International Trade. (http://www.oecd.org/topicstatsportal/0,2647,en_2825_495663_1_1_1_1_1,00.html);
Annual National Accounts. (http://www.oecd.org/topicstatsportal/0,2647,en_2825_495684_1_1_1_1_1,00.html#500239).

US Office of the United States Trade Representative. (http://www.ustr.gov/).

US Economics and Statistics Administration. (http://www.esa.doc.gov/):
Stat-USA. (http://www.stat-usa.gov).

US Department of Commerce. (http://www.commerce.gov/).

US Department of State. InfoUSA: Statistics. (http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/stats.htm).

US ITA (International Trade Administration):
Trade Information Center. (http://www.trade.gov/td/tic/);
TradeStats Express. (http://tse.export.gov/);
Technical Advice for Exporters. (http://web.ita.doc.gov/ticwebsite/FAQs.nsf/6683dce2e5871df9852565bc00785ddf/3da98a1ebc1ec72885256996005b9296!OpenDocument).

US ITC (International Trade Commission). US Trade Balance, by Partner Country 2003 in Descending Order of Trade Turnover (Imports Plus Exports). (http://dataweb.usitc.gov/scripts/cy_m3_run.asp).

World Bank (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development). (http://www.worldbank.org):
European Monetary Union Data Profile. (http://devdata.worldbank.org/external/CPProfile.asp?SelectedCountry=EMU&CCODE=EMU&CNAME=European+Monetary+Union&PTYPE=CP).

WTO (World Trade Organization):
International Trade Statistics, 2003. (http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/its2003_e/its03_appendix_e.htm);
Trade Profiles. (http://stat.wto.org/Home/WSDBHome.aspx).